Prostate cancer
In patients with prostate cancer eating a plant based diet as part of a healthy lifestyle intervention for 1 year: Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) decreased 4% in the experimental group compared to a 6% increase in the control group. Prostate cancer cell growth was inhibited almost eight times as much in the experimental group compared to the control group. (Ornish, J Urology 2005)
breast cancer
In 52,000 women studied for 8 years, dairy milk was associated with 30% increased risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio of 1.22 dairy calories and 1.50 dairy milk comparing highest to lowest intake). (Soy milk did not increased risk of breast cancer.) J Epidem, PCRM - dairy
In women in the Harvard Nurses Health Studies (n=182,145), Farvid found that higher intake of fruits and vegetables, and specifically cruciferous and yellow/orange vegetables, was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, especially those that are more likely to be aggressive tumors. (Farvid, Int J Cancer 2019)
Intake of high-fat dairy, but not low-fat dairy, was related to a higher risk of mortality after breast cancer diagnosis.colorectal cancer (n=1893). (Kroenke, J Natl Cancer Inst, 2013)
Among women with breast cancer (n=5042), soy food consumption was significantly associated with decreased risk of death and recurrence. (Shu, JAMA 2009)
For colorectal cancer,
processed meat increases risk (Group 1 carcinogen for humans - International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC 20180 - This is the same level of cancer-causing evidence as cigarette smoking and plutonium.
red meat probably increases risk (Group 2A probable carcinogen for humans -IARC 2018
dietary fibre, dairy products, and calcium probably reduce risk
